Mid-Atlantic Christian University is a private university from congregations and individuals of the Christian Churches and Churches of Christ. The educational program of the University is in harmony with the faith and practice of these churches. While a significant number of students also come from this fellowship, the student body includes people from a variety of churches.

Roanoke Bible College was conceived during early 1948. The Board of Trustees decided to change the name to Mid-Atlantic Christian University in March of 2009. In Fall of 2010, the university reorganized its academic structure into two schools: School of Undergraduate Studies and the School of Professional Studies.